eratosthenes contribution to oceanography eratosthenes contribution to oceanography

in. Eratosthenes' Geography. Moreover, he conceived the peninsula of India Pointing towards the south-west, instead of south. Arab and Muslim Contribution to Geography To begin with, most Muslim geographers such as Al- He also tried to determine the obliquity of the ecliptic. Finally he wrote: Happy father, Ptolemy, because with your son you enjoy the age! Name the major oceans and their main characteristics. Eratosthenes was also the first to calculate the tilt of the Earths axis, which he figured with remarkable accuracy; the finding was reported by Ptolemy (85-165 CE). Archimedes is regarded as one of the most notable Greek mathematicians. Although these tables have not survived, it is claimed that twelve books of tables of chords were written by Hipparchus. The first discussed the problems of representing a spherical earth on a flat sheet . In the 1960's, Eratosthenes crater was identified by Gene Shoemaker and Robert Hackman as a key stratigraphic marker delimiting the longest period (Eratosthenian) of the lunar timescale, thought to range from about 3.2 to 1.1 billion years old! [8], The son of Aglaos, Eratosthenes was born in 276 BC in Cyrene. He was the son of Aglaus, of whom no historical record is preserved, so it is thought that he was not of an important family at the time. Review of (D.W.) Roller 'Eratosthenes' Geography. Explanation: Eratosthenes was a geographer and mathematician from Ancient Greece who is known for using geometry to determine the circumference of the Earth. For his contributions to philosophy, Eratosthenes was called the second Plato. Youll get a, Copyright 2023 TipsFolder.com | Powered by Astra WordPress Theme. In addition, he calculated approximate distances between them. Unfortunately, there are no documents left of his work after the destruction of the Library of Alexandria. Atlantic Ocean- long, narrow, parrallel sides 68% of freshwater runs into it. The fact of being incarcerated and deprived of liberty it bring with it important p ychological con equence . The [] Lived c. 276 BC - c. 194 BC. Despite not having a prominent ancestry, Eratosthenes did come from a city that had achieved recognition by the men who were born in it. His mathematical work is known principally from the writings of the Greek geometer Pappus of Alexandria, and his geographical work from the first two books of the Geography of the Greek geographer Strabo. He invented Syene (near today's Aswan) is located some 800 km up the Nile river from Alexandria very close to the tropic of Cancer (2327'N), so at the time of the summer solstice the Sun's rays fall vertically down on Syrene at noon. Of the four people named as his students in Suda, three cannot be identified with certainty and were therefore hardly important scientists. Definition of Oceanography 1. Eratosthenes made major contributions to geography. Your email address will not be published. And afterwards, Uranio Zeus, may the scepter of your hand guide it. Marcotte, D. (1998). Geography is the study of Earths natural environment and human society, as well as how society and nature interact. (Writing before the Greeks adopted the degree, a Babylonian unit of measure, he actually said a fiftieth of a circle.) He correctly assumed the Suns distance to be very great; its rays therefore are practically parallel when they reach Earth. Eratosthenes was also interested in history and created a chronology of the world from the siege of Troy to his time, taking as references the dates that appeared in literature and in political writings. A geographer is a physical scientist, social scientist, or humanist whose field of study is geography. As head of the library Eratosthenes tutored the children of Ptolemy, including Ptolemy IV Philopator who became the fourth Ptolemaic pharaoh. Alfred Hettner, who inherited the concept of chorology, further developed it. Contribute to chinapedia/wikipedia.en development by creating an account on GitHub. One of Eratosthenes contributions to mathematics was his measurement of the Earth. Eratosthenes was a Greek mathematician with a strong interest in geography. Here Eratosthenes described his famous story of the well in Syene, wherein at noon each summer solstice, the Sun's rays shone straight down into the city-center well. He also suggested that lakes were the source of the river. The book written by him describes the ekumene (inhabited) world. When you multiply by wall height, you get CFM. He was a figure of influence in many fields who yearned to understand the complexities of the entire world. #1 Vasco da Gama linked Europe and Asia through an ocean route for the first time The Age of Discovery was a period of global exploration that started in the early 15th century and was primarily initiated by Prince Henry the Navigator of Portugal. Eratosthenes was the first person to use the word "geography" and other geographical terms that are still in use today, and his efforts to calculate the circumference of the Earth and the distance from the Earth to the Sun paved the way for our modern understanding of the cosmos. He had become blind in his old age and could no longer work by 195 BCE. However, he assumed that Siena was right over the Tropic of Cancer, a fact that was incorrect. Known For: Eratosthenes was a Greek polymath who became known as the father of geography. Eratosthenes was an Ancient Greek scientist born in the town of Cyrene in about 276 BC. 22.40, the Sieve of Eratosthenes, so that, if the number the user inputs into the program is not prime, the program displays the prime factors of the number. He lived in Athens until Ptolemy Evergetes, the king of Egypt . II. Other things that Eratosthenes thought but did not turn out to be: the fact that the earth is a perfect sphere, that Alexandria is exactly north of Siena, and that the sun's rays are perfectly parallel. Eratosthenes Contribution to Geography Eratosthenes (276-194 BC) Eratosthenes was a Greek mathematician, geographer, astronomer & poet. He was the founder of Geography and holds the credit to calculate the circumference of the Earth. How did Eratosthenes contribute to oceanography? Eratosthenes was a Greek mathematician, geographer, astronomer & poet. He was appointed as the Librarian of the Library of Alexandria-the post of highest academic honour of that period. Eratosthenes (276 BC - 194 BC) was an Ancient Greek scientist and philosopher who did work in astronomy, geometry, geography, mathematics, as well as poetry and history. The numbers from one to 400 are written in a table, with the numbers one to 20 across the top row. The texts of his early works as a poet are not preserved either; however, some names were passed on to posterity through quotations from other Greeks. Using the precise data that Tycho had collected, Kepler discovered that the orbit of Mars was an ellipse. The psychological effects of incarceration: what goes on in the minds of prisoners? Eratosthenes. Eratosthenes of Cyrene was a Greek polymath: a mathematician, geographer, poet, astronomer, and music theorist. Eratosthenes (276-195 BCE) was an ancient Greek Alexandrian scholar, native of Cyrene, who attained distinction in many fields including philosophy, mathematics, astronomy and history. As a young man, he traveled to Athens to pursue his studies. 2. Atlantic Ocean- long, narrow, parrallel sides 68% of freshwater runs into it. What happened to most of the information accumulated there? The inscription that Eratosthenes made in the mesolabe that he gave to Ptolemy III, said: "This you have at hand, friend, if you want to get double a small cube, or that transformation into any other solid figure, and also if you measure in this way an enclosure or a silo or the concave cavity of a well when you take the concurrences means between extreme limits within double rules . a. Eratosthenes of Cyrene developed longitude and latitude. Despite the fact that in Greek times young people from wealthy families had more access to education, there were male academies. The ancient Greek scholar Eratosthenes is dubbed the father of geography. He was the first to use the word geography, and he also had a small-scale understanding of the planet that helped him determine the earths circumference. Geography is a chorographic discipline. He was called Pentathlos, a title given to those who were victors in the five tests of the Olympic games, because he dedicated himself to cultivating all areas of knowledge. His teachers included the scholar Lysanias of Cyrene and the philosopher Ariston of Chios who had studied under Zeno, the founder of the Stoic school of philosophy. is credited for two important contributions to oceanography: 1. Thu, the different type of pecialized text will vary according to the ubject and p All Rights Reserved warbletoncouncil.org - 2023. Notable explorations were undertaken by the Greeks, the Romans, the Polynesians, the Phoenicians, Phytheas, Herodotus, the Vikings, the Portuguese and Muslims. [16] A geometric calculation reveals that the circumference of the Earth is the distance between the two cities divided by the difference in shadow angles expressed as a fraction of one turn. Several astronomers and mathematicians tried to accurately measure the circumference of the Earth before and after Eratosthenes, but it was Eratosthenes who succeeded. Eratosthenes of Cyrene (/rtsniz/; Greek: [eratostns]; c.276 BC c.195/194 BC) was a Greek polymath: a mathematician, geographer, poet, astronomer, and music theorist. It is not known when he wrote his works, but they highlighted his abilities. Eratosthenes is said to have coined the term geography in Ancient Greece. Eratosthenes's main interest in youth was philosophy and that vocation led him to Athens at the age of 15. About 150 years later, Eratosthenes (264-194 B.C.) Like any young Greek at the time, Eratosthenes would have studied in the local gymnasium, where he would have learned physical skills and social discourse as well as reading, writing, arithmetic, poetry, and music.[9]. : 3373 , 02-3298322 A . He accurately depicted the Niles route to Khartoum, as well as the two Ethiopian tributaries. ". The word geography may have been coined by Eratosthenes. But Eratosthenes, who had wide-ranging interests including poetry, theatre and ethics, was first and foremost an astronomer, and Alexandria was the place to go for astronomical studies. 4. [6] He developed systems of latitudes and longitudes, [7] He measure accurate length of equator, [8] Circumferences of the earth by Eratosthenes 25000 miles, but actual 24860 miles, PDF Name: Eratosthenes Contribution to Geography Notes by Netset Corner, Chronologically Arranged Schools and Associate Scholars. The geometry of the situation is sketched at the right. He calculated the Earth's circumference. Eratosthenes who made observations at Syene (Aswan) and Alexandria calculated the circumference of the earth as 250,000 stadia (25,000 miles). Ptolemy is known for his three scholarly works: the Almagest which focused on astronomy and geometry, the Tetrabiblos which focused on astrology, and, most importantly, Geography which advanced geographic knowledge. Strabo argues it was Alexander's interpretation of their "real intent" in recognizing that "in some people there prevail the law-abiding and the political instinct, and the qualities associated with education and powers of speech". At the Library of Alexandria, he was the chief librarian where he read books on a variety of disciplines that expanded his knowledge extensively. Earth was considered as the centre of the universe, around which revolved the seven planets. He estimated the Earths circumference to be nearly 250,000 stadia (25,000 miles).